THE FOUR SEASONS RESTAURANT

New York, New York 1957 – 1958
Architect, Philip Johnson Associates

Richard Kelly worked closely with architect Philip Johnson on the design of the Four Seasons Restaurant. Located on the first floor of the Seagram Building, this project marks the first application of International Style aesthetics to an interior restaurant space. The absence of ornament, exaggeration of scale, use of rich materials, and superior craftsmanship characterize the restaurant’s architectural program. The primary purpose of the lighting is to enhance the significant architectural materials used and create a setting for a refined dining experience. In the illumination of the white Carrera marble pool, solid walnut paneled walls, interior plantings and collection of fine art, Kelly masterfully applied his philosophy of “light energy impacts.” Focal glow was used in three areas: 1) At the foot of the Picasso painting in the entrance corridor, Kelly placed cold cathode lamps behind translucent alabaster panels to create a glowing uplight source. 2) In the Pool Room, Kelly used low brightness, silver-bowl incandescent downlights to create a luminous pool of water and to provide a variable source of general illumination. 3) Lastly, Kelly recessed four incandescent underwater “cans” into the planters to uplight the interior plantings and silhouette their foliage. Ambient luminescence was the effect desired on the walnut paneled walls. To make the walls glow, Kelly co-designed, with fixture manufacturer Edison Price, a continuous, linear wall-washing system. Used throughout the restaurant, the curve of the unit’s bronze-finish reflector provides glare-free illumination, despite the wall’s glossy, dark surface. To create a “play of brilliants” Kelly used miniature downlights in several of the private dining room ceilings. Called “sparkle lights”, the fixture uses a low-voltage source set in a one-inch diameter multi-faceted reflector. The effect of an overhead constellation is created by the fixtures’ random placement and transforms the room into a magical setting. The Four Seasons Restaurant artfully exemplifies Richard Kelly’s philosophy of light and design. The success of the restaurant’s International Style interior is one of Kelly’s most noted collaborations with architect Philip Johnson. It has recently obtained recognition by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission and stands as a significant architectural achievement to which Richard Kelly made a substantial contribution.